Purchase Taxes
Registration Tax (Imposta di Registro)
When purchasing a property in Italy, investors must pay a registration tax. For first homes, the rate is 2% of the property’s cadastral value. For second homes, the rate increases to 9%. If the property is purchased from a company, VAT may apply instead.
Value-Added Tax (VAT)
VAT is applicable when buying a property from a developer or a company. The standard rate is 10%, but it increases to 22% for luxury properties. First-time homebuyers may be eligible for a reduced rate of 4%.
Mortgage Registration Tax (Imposta Ipotecaria)
This tax is charged when registering a mortgage. The rate is typically 0.25% of the mortgage amount for first homes and 2% for second homes.
Cadastral Tax (Imposta Catastale)
Cadastral tax is due at the time of purchase. The standard rate is a fixed fee of €50 for first homes and 1% of the property’s cadastral value for second homes.
Annual Taxes
Municipal Property Tax (IMU)
IMU is an annual property tax applied to second homes and luxury first homes. The rates range from 0.4% to 1.06% of the cadastral value, depending on the municipality. Primary residences (non-luxury) are generally exempt.
Service Tax (TASI)
TASI covers municipal services and is payable by both owners and tenants. The rate varies by municipality but typically ranges from 0.1% to 0.25% of the cadastral value. Primary residences are usually exempt.
Waste Collection Tax (TARI)
TARI is an annual tax for waste collection services. The amount depends on the property’s size and the number of occupants.
Capital Gains Tax (CGT)
When selling a property, investors are liable for capital gains tax if the property is sold within five years of purchase. The standard rate is 26% on the gain. Properties held for more than five years are exempt from CGT.
Income Tax on Rental Income
Rental income from properties is subject to income tax. The tax rates are progressive, ranging from 23% to 43%. Alternatively, landlords can opt for the “Cedolare Secca” flat tax, which offers a rate of 21% for long-term leases and 10% for agreements with subsidized rents.
Inheritance and Gift Tax
Inheritance and gift tax rates depend on the relationship between the donor and the recipient. Spouses and direct descendants pay 4% on amounts exceeding €1 million. Siblings pay 6% on amounts over €100,000, while other relatives pay 6% with no threshold. Non-relatives are taxed at 8% with no threshold.
Conclusion
Investing in the Italian property market involves several taxes, including purchase taxes such as registration tax, VAT, mortgage registration tax, and cadastral tax. Annual taxes include IMU, TASI, and TARI. Additionally, investors must consider capital gains tax, income tax on rental income, and inheritance and gift tax. Understanding these tax obligations is essential for effective property investment in Italy.